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The Bayon was dedicated as a Mahayana Buddhist shrine with a large Buddha inside the central sanctuary.  However, inscriptions on the doorjambs indicate that some of the face towers were also used as shrines to earlier Brahmanic deities, such as Shiva.
The largest reclining Buddha in the country is carved from one enormous sandstone boulder located at the 1,600-foot summit of the mountain.  It is thought to be more than nine hundred years old.
A causway paved with huge sandstone blocks worn smooth by the feet of countless pilgrims crosses from the west over a wide moat.  A gopura leads to a second raised causeway, bordered by naga balustrades intersecting with a cruciform platform called the Gand Terrace.
The inner enclosure wall are intricately decorated with scrolls, foliage patterns, devotees in prayer, and devatas.  Roots of a silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) overlaid by a strangler fig (Ficus religiosa) must be carefully controlled, the destruction caused by their ever-increasing weight measured against the grip of the tangled roots that now hold the stones in place.
Kbal Spean is near the Ruisey, a tributary of the Siem Reap River.  Numerous carvings, thought to have been created by ascetics who lived here during the eleventh century, are cut directly into the hard stone of the streambed.  Here, Vishnu reclines upon the serpend Ananta, floating upon the waters of the cosmic ocean during the creation of the universe.
Angkor
Celestial Temples of the Khmer Empire

Photography by Jon Ortner, Text by Ian Mabbett, Eleanor Mannikka, Jon Ortner, James Goodman, and John Sanday; Afterword by Kerya Chau Sun 
Size: 11 x 13" 
Cloth, 288 pages
240 illustrations, 225 in full color
Published 2002
ISBN: 978-0-7892-0718-0
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An exquisitely illustrated history and exploration of Angkor, the worlds most astonishing architectural treasure. This gorgeous volume is handsomely packaged in a slipcase, perfect for presentation.

-- Read Jon Ortners essay for National Geographic on Preah Vihear Temple in Cambodia.

Built between the ninth and the thirteenth centuries by a succession of twelve Khmer kings, Angkor spreads over 120 square miles in Southeast Asia and includes scores of major architectural sites. In 802, when construction began on Angkor Wat, financed by wealth from rice and trade, Jayavarman II took the throne, initiating an unparalleled period of artistic and architectural achievement, exemplified in the fabled ruins of Angkor, center of the ancient empire. Among the amazing pyramid-and mandala-shaped shrines preserved in the jungles of Cambodia is Angkor Wat, the worlds largest temple, an extraordinarily complex structure filled with iconographic detail and religious symbolism. Perhaps because of the decline of agricultural productivity and the expansion of the Thai Empire, Angkor was abandoned in the fifteenth century and left to the ravages of time. Today many countries are working to conserve and restore the temples, which have been inaccessible until recently. Now that the civil war has ended, Angkor is being reborn and is an increasingly popular tourist destination.

Undaunted by the difficulties of traveling through Cambodia and eastern Thailand, Jon Ortner, accompanied by his wife, Martha, photographed fifty of the most important and unique monuments of the Khmer Empire. His images include spectacular views from the rooftops of its temples, glorious landscapes, and details of inscriptions and art that few have ever seen. Beautifully reproduced in Angkor, the photographs are accompanied by a fascinating text written by a team of experts, providing historical, architectural, and religious analyses of Angkor and the Khmer civilization. The appendix includes a glossary, a chronology of construction, and a chart of the kings and their accomplishments. Black-and-white floor plans and historic watercolors complete this breathtaking tribute.

Jon Ortner has been photographing in Asia for twenty-five years. His images have appeared in several books, including Abbevilles Sacred Places of Asia. Ian Mabbett is the author of The Khmers. Eleanor Mannikka is the author of Angkor Wat: Time, Space and Kingship. James Goodman is a scholar on the Khmer. John Sanday has been the Director of the World Monuments Fund in Cambodia since 1989.

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